Milk purifying and homogenizing machine.



H. E. sTUssY. MILK PUBIFYING AND HOMOGENIZING MACHINE.

PPLIOATIOK FILED FEB. 27, 1908.

Patented Oct. 6, 1908.

2 SHEBTB--SHEET 1 to souringl causes.

,TED STAEQSEENT onirica.

HENRY H. sTssY, or sIoUX CITY, IOWA.

MILK PURIFYINGAND HoMoGENIzING MACHINE.

Neocon/ie. i

To all whom it mag/concern: i l

Be it known'that I, HENRY HSTssY, a"

citizenof the'Unite'd States, and a resident of v Sioux City., Leeds Station, .in the county of Woodbury' and State of Iowa,l1`ave invented a 'new' and Improved Milk `Purifying and Homogenizing Machine, of which the following is alull, clear, and exact description.

Thisl invention relates, tornilk purifying and homogenizing machines, and more articularly tov machines of this Yclass in W ich inilkis passed centrifugallythrough purify-` ing` 'and homogenizing media, and in which the impurities and the homogenized milk are separately discharged from, the machine.

More specically, the'invention relates to machines in which the im urities vin milkare separated out centrifugal yv from kthe same,

ules of butter fat to be broken up or comi minuted, and disseminated throughoutthe milk. ,Y i

An objectief the invention is to provide a machine of the class deseiibedhby means'of which milk is rendered stable and insensitive A further object of thelinventionis to providea milk purifying homogenizing machine, in which thedmilk is `passed throuh straining media yand 4 through irregulalily shaped conduits or passages which cause the globules ofbutterfat to he broken up and thclroughly disseminated vthroughout the mi i.

tudinal section showing certain' of the means -for removing the 4'impurities from l the 'milk and the-moans'for operating the same; Fig;

3 is an enlarged, longitudinal, partial section showing a fixed cylinder, whiclnwith a movjable cylindrical receptacle, forms the v,irregularl'y'shapedconduits or passages; Fig. 4 is an enlarged` elevation showing. the cylindrical Specication of Letters Patent.

' `'gianni-a1oct.o,reos.' h Appliation sled February 27, 1os. semina 418.040.

milk receptacle; Fig. 5 is 'si-transverse sec-` tionpof the latter; and Fig. 6 is a transverse sectionV on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; h Before proceeding to a more detailed eX- `pla'nation of my invention, it should b e understood that while the same is particularly useful as a milk purifying and homogenizing machine it can also be used for urifying and 'homogenizing other fluids. homogenizing as Yused in this specification y the term and the claims hereinafter, I intend to sig-vv nity the comminutioii or breaking up oi ag#l glomerations of substances in a fluid, into small, separated masses, .and the dissemination throughout the fluid, of the same in very finely divided 'particles. Fork example, the

l butter fat of mllk is usually contained there?,A

in in small' globules, andby means of my machine thesefglobules are thoroughly broken up and disseminated throughout the body of the'milk. prevent the gathering together of the butter tat,` with the consequent rendering of the milk more sensitiveA to souring causes. 'Milk which has undergone a purifying fand homo- The purpose lof this action is to genizing process in my machine, will for days f afterwards test the sameas discharged from the machine. h

Raw milkl usually contains impurities in greater or lesser quantities. These impuri ties comprise dirt, dust, hair, blood, fibrous matter and the like, and it is ofcourse necessary to remove them to render the milk thoroughly lit fioru'se. lAllsu'ch, im urities are positively eliminated' from'the mi by means u y. of my machine, before-"..the milk undergoes'l The invention,consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more fully de-l' scribed-hereinafter and particularly set forth" in the claims.V4

the homogenizing process. Preferably,th"e milk is lntroduced Into the `machine at a temperature considerably higher than the normal temperature,y whereby anypossible creeps 'up the` sides ofthe receptacle in a uniform layer. It is essential'that the'milk be .distributed evenly u on the sides of the vesfwlien it is `seland, to accomplis this itl-,is y[necessary to adjust .the parts ,wlth f exactnessf The milk i is4 discharged vcentriiugally therefrom and' i Vasses from .the receptacle, through a nume er oi'openings and' t mediumsueh as Wire gauze or not. `this it escapes from 'the' revolving vessel through openings in the side thereof.v The receptacle is operated at a veryihigiizrate of Ien through a straining After.

` and an outer fixed wall or casing is formed the homogenizing conduit or passage into which the spray passes. Ordinaruy, mere churning through an irregular passage would not homogenize the milk but would form butter; however, the velocity of the particles of milk and the globules of butter fat, and the fine state' of division of the milk in passing through the homogenizing conduit of my machine, effect a homogenizing action, and the butter fat globules are hurled against the irregularities of the conduit and are finely subdivided thereby.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, l provide a base or standard 10 upon which is carried a boxing 11. At one side, the latter is extended to form an upwardly disposed standard 12 upon which is mounted a tank 13 for the raw milk. lf so desired, the standard may carry a heater for preheating the milk. The boxing 11 has a substantially vertical bearing 14 which is interiorly threaded at the lower end and has adj ustably arranged therein a screw stern 15 provided with a hand-wheel 16 by means of which it can be manipulated. A shaft 17 has the lower end journaled in the bearing 14 and resting upon a ball or roller 18. The latter is seated in a suitable recess formed in the end of the stem 15. The top of the boxing 11 has a bearing 19 through which passes the shaft 17, and which is preferably of flexible material. The shaft 17 has formed thereon a worm 2O which is in mesh with a worm wheel 21 arrangedwithin the casing upon a suitable .spindle 22. ARigid with the worm wheel 21 1s a pinion 23 in mesh with a gear wheel 24 also arranged-within the boxing and mounted upon a spindle 25. The gear wheel 24 is rigid with the spindle 25, and the latter, outside of theboxing, carries arigid pinion 26. The boxing is formed to receive an oil or some other substance which serves to lu-.

Abricate the gears within the boxing. The

standard 1 2 has journaled thereon a shaft 27 upon which is rigidly mounted a wheel 28 provided with interior teeth adapted to mesh with the inion 2 6. A crank 29 rigid with the spind e 27 has a handle'30 and permits the manual operation of the wheel 28.

. wheel v28, which 'is 'engaged by a dog 32 normally held in position to be engaged by the The crank has a shoulder 31 mounted upon the the crank 29 in one direction, the shoulder 31 engages the dog 32 and in thisway the'train of gears is operated to rotate the shaft 17.

f The top of the boxing has an interiorly threaded rim 34 which receives the lower correspondinglyy threaded end of a. cylindrical casing 35. The upper end, of the casing is threaded and has mounted thereon a top 36 which has a' threaded rim 37. Within the casing 35 is a cylindrical milk or other fluid receptacle 38, which is rigidly mounted upon the end of the shaft 17 and is arranged to rotate therewith. The top 36 has a central opening, and surrounding the same a collar 39 formed to receive a tubular member 40. At the outer end, the latter has a funnel shaped extension 41 and it is suitably threaded to en age with corresponding threads of the Golfer and the top, so that by turning the member 40 it can be adjustedA longitudinally of the cylindrical casing. The tube 40 which serves for the introduction of the milk into the receptacle extends into the latter and has the lowerend constrictcd to form a shoulder 42. y

Within the receptacle 38 at the opposite sides thereof, are arranged arms 43 having threaded extremities arranged in corresponde ingly threaded openings of the sides of the receptacle. The arms have longitudinal bores in which are rotatably arranged spindles 44. At the ends of the latter, and seating against the closed ends of the arms, are bearing balls or rollers 45. The spindles project from the adjacent ends of the arms and each carries a beveled friction wheel 46 which engages a suitably beveled friction block or disk 47 mounted uponthe tube 40 and engaging the shoulder 42. The friction wheel and the friction block or disk may be fashioned from any suitable material. Preferably the block or disk is formed from rubber or the like. The spindles, at theends adjacent to the sides of the receptacle have recesses 48 adapted to register with openings 49 of the arms. The openings 49 communicate interiorly with the receptacle. The arms have other openings 50 which communicate with the outside of the receptacle, and with which the recesses 48 are alsoadapted to eonmiunicate.

The receptacle is tapered on the inside, towards the top, so that, as it is rotating, the contents thereof will tend to move upwardly along the ta ered sides, under the influence of centrifuga action. As the block or disk l 47 is fixed, the friction wheels 46 will be rotated in opposite directions as. the receptacle is rotated. Consequently, the s indles will be rotated and the recesses 48 wil thus alternately register with the openings 49 and 50. The lmpurities which arep'heavier than the milk, lie closely ad'acent to the sides of the receptacle, and wi l move upward so that they will pass throughthe openings 49 and be received by the recesses 48, and will be transmitted'by the latter to the openings 50 through which they can pass to the outside of the receptacle. l The impurities will-fall to 5 the bottom ofthe casing 35 and-can. be drawn off from the latter by .means ofa'suitable outlet/'51. l j 'i Above the arms 43, the casing is provided with interior threads which engage the corre- ]0 spondingly threaded rim of 'atapercd cap 52 having a substantially central opening 53 y surrounding the tube 40.' N car the opening 53, the cap 52 has a plurality of symmetrically arranged outlet openings 54. At the outside of the ca p, under the openings 54 is a lip 55. Between the outside of the cap and the sides of the receptacle isarranged aband of gauze 56 or similar straining or purifying material. The centrifugal action due to the rotation of the receptacle, forces the milk out through the openings of the cap, whereupon it passes through the strainer 56.

Near the upper rim of the receptacl'eon the inside, is rovided a groove 57 which extends complete y around the receptacle. lonnected with the groove 57` are substantially parallel grooves 58 arranged longitudinally of the receptacle. The grooves 58 vincrease in" depth and width as they approach the groove 57 'and serve to direct theV milk tothe latter after the `rnilkhas passed through the strainer 56. The receptacle has a pluralityy of threaded openings at the groove 57 in which are arranged correspondingly threaded plugs59 having outwardly tapered openings. 60 therethrough. These openings'() act as nozzles and permit. the milk to escape from the groove 57 to the outside o'l thereceptaclc. A cover 61 is removably mounted at the up,-

.40 per rim oi the receptacle rby means of a threaded l-ange,or in any yother convenient manner, and .has a substantially central opening 62 around the tube 40. f

Surrounding the upper portion ofthe receptacle 38 isv a substantially cylindrical member 63. The latter has Vat the upper edge, lugs 64 which extend vthrough suitable' openings of the casing` top 36 and have slots 65 formed to receiiv'e wedges 66, 'by means of which 'the cylinder 63 can be iirmly secured in position and adjusted. At the inside, the cylindrical member 63 has a spiral groove 67. The lower rim of the cylindrical member is outwardly beveled. The upper portion 'of the receptacle, that is, the portion within the cylindrical member 63, is also providcdwith spiral grooves 68 which are preferably closer together thanthc groove 67 and of less pitch. '.lhe c r/lindrical member 62",' and the reccptaele, thus l'orm an irregularly shaped conduit through which the mi k must; pass after vit is discharged from thcreceptacle. The spiralv form of the irregularities of the cylinder and the receptacle, assist the milk in moving- 65 downward at the'l outside ofthe receptacle.

'The milk passes from between the cylinthe cylinder andthe receptacle, the milk is thoroughly' hornoge'nizei and thus jthe globules of butter fatare broken up by engagement with the spiral grooves and projections ol." the walls of the conduit. The

Arapid vr'no,`vemcnt of the receptacle itself,

assists'the'i'breaking up of the globules, and at the same time tends-to hasten the movement of the milk toward the shell" 69. Be- 'lore the milk escapes from the receptacle it is thoroughly purified by the spindle valves 44 and by the strainer 56.

The central location of the tube 40 ermits the introduction of the milk central y with respect to the receptacle, and thereby is assured the even distribution of the milk to the sides of the receptacle. The receptacle itself, isfadjustable in the direction of its longitudinla axis and the cylinder 63 is also adjusta e. duitv can be regulated to a certain extent. The openings49 in the arms 43 are preferably arranged in grooves of the arms. 'The openings 50, if so desired, may be provided with means for adjusting them to regulate the passage of the impuritiestherethrough. The screen 56 serves to distribute the milk uniformly in all directions and to direct it evenly and continuously to the grooves 57 and 58. The continuous annularlip forms a circular spray when the machine is running properly. i

While I have shown the lugs 64 provided with openings to receive Wedges, it will be understood that theymay be oi' any othersuitable form for the purpose, and may, for

Consequently, the homogenizing conexample, consist of threaded Shanks formed to receive suitably threaded nuts or the like.y

v' If the machine is to bc'used in l'iomogenizingand purifying greater quantities of milk, and 1s to operate continuously, I preferto use two tanks, one ofwhich is a supply tank having an outlet regulated by a float, and feeding, into tho other or heating tank, from which the milk is supplied in a heated and sterilized condition to the machine, by means of a siphon, or in any -other convenient way. vlt should be noted that to effect the best results, the machine should be so operated that the milk is positioned' in the bowl in a thin layer only.n f f Having thus described'iny invention, I

claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters y Patent;

1- 111. al receptacle forhomogenizingmilk, means for operating said rece'tacle to cjectthc milk therefrom atal hig'r velocity whereby the milk escapes from said receptacle in the form machine' 'of the class' described, a

.ric

of a spray, 'and irregularly sha ed and. spaced members arranged to receive the s ray therebetween whereby the butter fat globules are comminuted.

2. In a machine of the class described a receptacle for milk, means for ejecting the lmilk from said receptacle, means in said receptacle for removing impuritiesy from the milk, and irregularly shaped andv spaced members arranged to receive therebetween the milk escaping from said receptacle.

3. In a machine 4of the class described, a rotatable receptacle for an emulsion, means in said receptacle for removing impurities from the emulsion, means in said receptacle for straining the emulsion, means for rotating said receptacle whereby the emulsion is cen- .trifugally expelled therefrom, and a conduit having walls provided with pro'ections and arranged to permit the passage t erethrough of the emulsion after it escapes from the receptacle .whereby the globules of material in the emulsion are comminuted.

Li. In a machine of the class described, a:

-ceive the milk escaping from saidmovable member and serving to homogenize the same. 5. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable milk receptacle,vmeans for rotating the .same whereby milk therein is expelled. centrifugally, means within said receptacle and operable by the movement thereof for. freeing the milk within said receptacle from impurities, means Within said rece tacle for directing the milk escaping there om, and

' homogenizing means arranged to receive the milk escaping from saidreceptacle.

6. Ina machine of the class described, a

rotatable milk receptacle, means for operating the samewhereby milk therein is expelled centrifugally, means in said receptacle and operable by the movement thereof for elimi- 'nating impurities from milk in said receptacle, a homogenizmg conduit arranged concentrically with respect to said receptacle, andmeans for directing milk from said receptacle to said conduit.

7. In a machine of the class described, a

iiXed member, a movable member constituting va receptacle for milk, the said members forming av conduit therebetween, means for operating said movable member to expel the milk therefrom, and means for directing the escaping milk to said conduit, in the form of a spray.

8. In a machine of the class described, a receptacle for fluid, a fixed wall. about said cookie` receptacle, said receptacle and said wall constituting a homogenizing conduit and being provided at adjacent sides with irregularities, means for operating said rece )tacle to expel an .emulsion therefrom at ligli velocity, and means for directing the escaping emulsion into said conduit in the form of a spray. l w

9. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable receptacle, a fixed cylinder encomf passingsaid receptacle, said cylinder and said receptacle being so shaped interiorly and exteriorly respectively, that an irregular conduit is formed therebetween, means for retating said receptacle whereby the contents thereof rise centrifugally upon the walls thereof toward the upper rim, and means 4within said receptacle for directing the con tents thereof yto said conduit.

10. In a machine of the class described, a

iiXed cylinder, a rotatable receptacle therewithin, said cylinder and said receptacle being so shaped interiorly and exteriorly rcspectively, that an irregular duct is formed therebetween, means within said receptacle and operable by the movement thereof for eliminating impurities from the contents thereof,'means for operating said rece taelc whereby the contents are discharge centrifugally, a straining medium for the contents and arranged within said receptacle .an emulsion into said receptacle and arranged substantially central with. respect thereto, means within said receptacle and. operable by a movement thereof for elimin ating'im urities from the contents at the sides of said3 receptacle, and means for rotatingr said receptacle whereby the contents are caused to rise upon the walls thereof, said receptacle having penings through the walls servin T to direc the contents to said conduit.

12. n a machine of the class described, a fixed cylinder, a rotatable cylindrical receptacle therewithin, said receptacle being interiorly and upwardly tapered, said cylinder and said receptacle having ribs interiorly and exteriorly respectively and forming a conduit therebetween, means for introducing a iiuid into said receptacle and arranged substantially central with respect thereto, means within said receptacle and operable by a movement thereof for eliminating impurities from the contents at the sides of said receptacle, a ,cap within said rece tacle and having discharge openings throng the wall comme thereof,- said recepltacle havin discharge I.

openings in the wa thereof an being provided with interior channels leading to said discharge openings in the wall, said discharge 'i openings of said receptacle leading to said Q ."ondui-t, a straining'medium between said cap and the wall of said receptacle, and means for rotating said receptacle whereby the contents thereof rise uponv the walls thereof to escape `through said v4discharge* openings of said cap, said straining medium and said, discharge 'openings of said recep# tac e. t

. 13.l In a machine ofthe class described, -a receptacle, a spindle Within saidreceptacle, meanswithin said receptacle and operable Africtionally througha movement of said receptacle to actuatesaid s indle, means controlled by said spindle, or. removin froml said receptacle material at the side t ereof,

means for introducing a fluid Vinto said rece tacle, means vfor operating said receptac e' whereby the `contents thereof are caused to rise at the sides and to be discharged centrifugally, and a homogenzing conduit arranged to receive the discharged contents of said receptacle. Y.

' 14.- In a machine of the class' described, a

casing, a cylindricalvmember fixed said casing, a movable receptacle Within said .member forming. an irregular withinsaid receptacle for removing impuri- -ties from the contents thereof at the sides and discharging the im urities into said casing at the side of said s elf remote from said conduit. l

15; In a machine of the class described, a movable receptacle, a cylindrical member encompassing, said rece taele and forming therewith an i irregular y shaped ',conduit, `means for operating said receptacle whereby 4the contents thereofare discharged throng said conduit, means for adjusting said rec'eptacle longitudinally of said cylindrical member, and means for adjusting said cylindrical Y member longitudinally ofsaid receptacle. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this vspeciiication in the presence of 55 two's'ubscribing witnesses.

HENRY H. STUSSY.

`Witnesses;

0.0. HAAs, J. A. SMITH. 

